Lab Companion vacuum oven is a precision device that dries materials under low-pressure conditions. Its working principle is based on a core scientific principle: in a vacuum state, the boiling point of a liquid will significantly decrease. Its working process can be divided into three key links:
1. Vacuum creation: By continuously extracting air from the oven chamber through a vacuum pump set, the internal environment is reduced to a level far below atmospheric pressure (typically up to 10Pa or even higher vacuum degrees). This move achieves two purposes: First, it greatly reduces the oxygen content in the cavity, preventing the material from oxidizing during the heating process; The second is to create conditions for the core physical process: low-temperature boiling.
2. Heating provides energy: At the same time as the vacuum environment is established, the heating system (usually using electric heating wires or heating plates) starts to work, providing thermal energy for the materials inside the chamber. Due to the extremely low internal pressure, the boiling points of the moisture or other solvents contained in the material drop sharply. For instance, at a vacuum degree of -0.085MPa, the boiling point of water can be reduced to approximately 45℃. This means that the material does not need to be heated to the conventional 100℃, and the internal moisture can vaporize rapidly at a lower temperature.
3. Steam removal: The water vapor or other solvent vapors produced by vaporization will be released from the surface and interior of the material. Due to the pressure difference within the cavity, these vapors will rapidly diffuse and be continuously drawn away by the vacuum pump, then discharged into the external environment. This process is ongoing continuously, ensuring the maintenance of a dry environment and preventing steam from re-condensing within the cavity, thereby driving the drying reaction to proceed continuously and efficiently towards dehydration.
The "low-temperature and high-efficiency drying" feature of vacuum ovens makes them widely used in the fields of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, electronics, food, and materials science, especially suitable for processing precious, sensitive or difficult-to-dry materials by conventional methods.
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